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Arq. Asma, Alerg. Imunol ; 2(4): 458-462, out.dez.2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1381041

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a utilidade do teste de provocação oral (TPO) aberto para alimentos. Foi realizado estudo transversal, com coleta de dados de pacientes com história sugestiva de alergia alimentar que foram avaliados para diagnóstico, ou para verificar a presença de tolerância de alergia alimentar, no período de julho de 2017 a maio de 2018. Os procedimentos foram realizados em ambiente hospitalar. O TPO foi considerado positivo quando os pacientes apresentavam sinais e sintomas de reações alérgicas, e ou quando reproduzia os sinais e sintomas referidos em consulta. Participaram crianças até 5 anos, com suspeita de alergia alimentar que realizaram teste cutâneo alérgico (TCA). Crianças com história de anafilaxia ao alimento e teste cutâneo positivo não participaram. Cinquenta crianças com história de alergia alimentar (AA) foram envolvidas, 36 (72%) meninos, mediana de idade 3,5 anos; 21 não realizaram TPO por terem história de anafilaxia. Os alimentos mais frequentes foram leite de vaca 33 (66%), e ovo 14 (28%). Vinte e nove pacientes foram submetidos a TPO, dos quais 5 TPO foram positivos (TCA positivo em 4 pacientes), e TPO foram negativos em 24 crianças, 9 (37,5%) destas com TCA positivo aos respectivos alimentos (p = 0,09). Não houve maior positividade do TCA nos pacientes com TPO positivo comparados a pacientes com TPO negativo, o que reforça a necessidade da provocação oral para o diagnóstico ou verificação da tolerância em pacientes com alergia alimentar. TPO aberto é útil em identificar alérgicos e tolerantes aos alimentos.


The aim of this study was to examine the usefulness of open oral food challenge (OFC). A cross-sectional study was conducted, and data were retrospectively collected from medical records of patients who underwent OFC for diagnosis of food allergy (FA) or evaluation of food tolerance, from July 2017 to May 2018. Procedures were performed at a hospital setting. OFCs were considered positive when patients showed signs and symptoms of immediate allergic reactions, or when they reproduced the signs and symptoms referred to in consultation. Children aged up to 15 years who underwent a skin prick test (SPT) for a suspected FA were included, while children with history of food anaphylaxis and positive SPT were excluded. Fifty children with history of FA were involved in the study. Thirty-six (72%) were male, and median age was 3.5 years; 21 did not undergo OFC due to history of anaphylaxis. The most frequent foods causing allergy were cow's milk (33/66%) and egg (14/28%). Twenty-nine children underwent OFC. Five OFC results were positive (positive SPT in 4 patients), while 24 children had negative OFC, and 9 of these (37.5%) had positive SPT (p = 0.09). SPT positivity was not higher in patients with positive OFC compared to patients with negative OFC. The finding reinforces that OFC is needed for diagnosing or evaluating tolerance in patients with FA. Open OFC is useful for identifying food allergy or tolerance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Food Hypersensitivity , Anaphylaxis , Patients , Signs and Symptoms , Medical Records , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Food , Methods
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